Ch74. Diseases of the Digital Flexor Tendon Sheath, Palmar Annular Ligament, and Digital Annular Ligaments

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  2. Andrews DR, Smith RK: Comparison of sites of synoviocentesis of the equine digital flexor tendon sheath. Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Meeting of the British Equine Veterinary Association Congress, Birmingham, England, 1998.
  3. Hassel DM, Stover SM, Yarbrough TB, et al: Palmar-plantar axial sesamoidean approach to the digital flexor tendon sheath in horses, J Am Vet Med Assoc 217: 1343, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Malark JA, Nixon AJ, Skinner KL, et al: Characteristics of digital flexor tendon sheath fluid from clinically normal horses, Am J Vet Res 52: 1292, 1992. PUBMED Abstract
  5. Sampson S, Schneider R, Tucker R, et al: Magnetic resonance imaging features of oblique and straight sesamoidean desmitis in 27 horses, Vet Radiol Ultrasound 48: 303, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  6. Smith RKW, Heinegård D: Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein levels in digital sheath synovial fluid and serum with tendon injury, Equine Vet J 32: 52, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Smith RKW, Onnerfjord P, Smith MR, et al: Molecular markers of tendon injury: clinical aid or research tool? Havemeyer Meeting of Molecular Markers, Estes Park, Colorado, 2005.
  8. Smith RK, Webbon PM: Diagnostic imaging in the athletic horse: musculoskeletal ultrasonography. In Hodgson DR, Rose RJ, eds: Principles and practice of equine sports medicine: the athletic horse, Philadelphia, 1994, Saunders.
  9. Verschooten F, Picavet TM: Desmitis of the fetlock annular ligament in the horse, Equine Vet J 18: 138, 1986. PUBMED Abstract
  10. Hago BE, Vaughan LC: Use of contrast radiography in the investigation of tenosynovitis and bursitis in horses, Equine Vet J 18: 375, 1986. PUBMED Abstract
  11. Nixon AJ: Endoscopy of the digital flexor tendon sheath in horses, Vet Surg 19: 266, 1990. PUBMED Abstract
  12. Fortier LA, Nixon AJ, Ducharme NG, et al: Tenoscopic examination and proximal annular ligament desmotomy for treatment of equine “complex” digital sheath tenosynovitis, Vet Surg 28: 429, 1999. PUBMED Abstract
  13. Gillis C: Digital sheath. In White NA, Moore JN, eds: Current techniques in equine surgery and lameness, ed 2, Philadelphia, 1998, Saunders.
  14. Wright IM, McMahon PJ: Tenosynovitis associated with longitudinal tears of the digital flexor tendons in horses: a report of 20 cases, Equine Vet J 31: 12, 1999. PUBMED Abstract
  15. Smith MR, Wright IM: Noninfected tenosynovitis of the digital flexor tendon sheath: a retrospective analysis of 76 cases, Equine Vet J 38: 134, 2006. PUBMED Abstract
  16. Barr AR, Dyson SJ, Barr FJ, et al: Tendonitis of the deep digital flexor tendon in the distal metacarpal/metatarsal region associated with tenosynovitis of the digital sheath in the horse, Equine Vet J 27: 348, 1995. PUBMED Abstract
  17. Smith RKW, Schramme MC, Voute LC, et al: Diagnosis and management of penetrating injuries to the deep digital flexor tendon in the pastern region, Vet Surg 24: 293, 1995.
  18. Honnas CM, Schumacher J, Cohen ND, et al: Septic tenosynovitis in horses: 25 cases (1983-1989), J Am Vet Med Assoc 199: 1616, 1991. PUBMED Abstract
  19. Nixon AJ: Septic tenosynovitis. In White NA, Moore JN, eds: Current practice in equine surgery, Philadelphia, 1990, JB Lippincott.
  20. Schneider RK, Bramlage LR, Mecklenburg LM, et al: Open drainage, intra-articular and systemic antibiotics in the treatment of septic arthritis/tenosynovitis in horses, Equine Vet J 24: 443, 1992. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Whitehair KJ, Adams SB, Parker JE, et al: Regional limb perfusion with antibiotics in three horses, Vet Surg 21: 286, 1992. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Summerhays GE: Treatment of traumatically induced synovial sepsis in horses with gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponges, Vet Rec 147: 184, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  23. Butson RJ, Schramme MC, Garlick MH, et al: Treatment of intrasynovial infection with gentamicin-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads, Vet Rec 138: 460, 1996. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Adams SB, Lescun TB: How to treat septic joints with constant intra-articular infusion of gentamicin or amikacin, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 46: 188, 2000.
  25. Wright IM, Smith MR, Humphrey DJ, et al: Endoscopic surgery in the treatment of contaminated and infected synovial cavities, Equine Vet J 35: 613, 2003. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Stashak TS, Vail TB, Park RB, et al: Fetlock annular ligament syndrome: results of desmotomy and factors that affect outcome in 49 horses. Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Scientific Meeting of the European College of Veterinary Surgery, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 1996.
  27. Owen R, Dyson S, Parkin T, et al: A retrospective study of palmar/plantar annular ligament desmopathy in 71 horses: 2001-2006, Equine Vet J 40: 237, 2008.
  28. Torre F, Benazzi C, Potschka R: Constriction of the fetlock annular ligament: relationship between clinical and histopathological findings, Pferdeheilkunde 14: 461, 1998.
  29. Enzerink E, Dik KJ: Palmar/plantar annular ligament insertion injury: a report of 4 cases, Equine Vet Educ 13: 75, 2001.
  30. Dik KJ, Dyson SJ, Vail TB: Aseptic tenosynovitis of the digital flexor tendon sheath, fetlock and pastern annular ligament constriction, Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 11: 151, 1995. PUBMED Abstract
  31. Ross M: Personal communication, 2001.
  32. Denoix JM, Busoni V, Olalla MJ: Ultrasonographic examination of the proximal scutum in the horse, Equine Vet J 29: 136, 1997. PUBMED Abstract
  33. Hertsch B, Becker C: Zum Vorkommen der aseptischen Nekrose im Ligamentum palmare bzw plantare beim Pferd: ein Betrag zur Differenzierung der Gleichbeinerkrankungen, Dtsch Tierartzl Wochenschr 93: 263, 1986.
  34. Wisner ER, O’Brien TR, Pool RR, et al: Osteomyelitis of the axial border of the proximal sesamoid bones in seven horses, Equine Vet J 23: 383, 1991. PUBMED Abstract
  35. Dabareiner RM, Watkins JP, Carter GK, et al: Osteitis/osteomyelitis of the axial border of the proximal sesamoid bones in horses, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 45: 156, 1999.
  36. Winberg F, Petterson H: Diagnosis and treatment of lesions in the intersesamoidean ligament and its adjoining structures, Vet Surg 23: 215, 1994.
  37. Denoix JM, Crevier N, Azevedo C: Ultrasound examination of the pastern in horses, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 37: 364, 1991.
  38. Dik KJ, Boroffka S, Stolk P: Ultrasonographic assessment of the proximal digital annular ligament in the equine forelimb, Equine Vet J 26: 59, 1994. PUBMED Abstract
  39. Cohen J, Schneider R, Zubrod C, et al: Desmitis of the distal digital annular ligament in 7 horses: MRI diagnosis and surgical treatment, Vet Surg 37: 336, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  40. Dyson S: Personal communication, 2009.
  41. Schramme MC, Smith RK: Diseases of the digital flexor tendon sheath, the palmar annular ligament and digital annular ligaments. In Ross M, Dyson S, eds: Diagnosis and management of lameness in the horse, St. Louis, 2003, Saunders.
  42. Schumacher J, Auer J: A case report of a carpal ganglion in a horse, J Equine Med Surg 3: 391, 1979.
  43. Crawford A, Eliashar E, Smith RK: Surgical treatment of digital sheath synovial ganglia. European College Veterinary Surgeons Proceedings, Nantes, France, 2009.