Ch64. Models of Equine Joint Disease

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  14. Kawcak CE: Unpublished data, 2000.
  15. Frisbie DD, Morisset S: Unpublished data, 2000.
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  17. Beluche LA, Bertone AL, Anderson DE, et al: In vitro dose-dependent effects of enrofloxacin on equine articular cartilage, Am J Vet Res 60:577, 1999. PUBMED Abstract
  18. Dechant JE, Baxter GM, Frisbie DD, et al: Effects of dosage titration of methylprednisolone acetate and triamcinolone acetonide on interleukin-1-conditioned equine articular cartilage explants in vitro, Equine Vet J 35:444, 2003. PUBMED Abstract
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  20. Munsterman AS, Bertone AL, Zachos TA, et al: Effects of the omega-3 fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acid, on lipopolysaccharide-challenged synovial explants from horses, Am J Vet Res 66:1503, 2005. PUBMED Abstract
  21. Pearson W, Lindinger MI: Simulated digest of a glucosamine-based equine nutraceutical modifies effect of IL-1 in a cartilage explant model of inflammation, J Vet Pharmacol Ther 31:268, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  22. Huser CA, Davies ME: Validation of an in vitro single-impact load model of the initiation of osteoarthritis-like changes in articular cartilage, J Orthop Res 24:725, 2006. PUBMED Abstract
  23. Pearson W, Orth MW, Lindinger MI: Differential anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects of simulated digests of indomethacin and an herbal composite (Mobility) in a cartilage explant model of articular inflammation, J Vet Pharmacol Ther 30:523, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  24. Sandler EA, Frisbie DD, McIlwraith CW: A dose titration of triamcinolone acetonide on insulin-like growth factor-1 and interleukin-1-conditioned equine cartilage explants, Equine Vet J 36:58, 2004. PUBMED Abstract
  25. Hardy J, Bertone AL, Muir WW: Local hemodynamics, permeability, and oxygen metabolism during acute inflammation of innervated or denervated isolated equine joints, Am J Vet Res 59:1307, 1998. PUBMED Abstract
  26. Hardy J, Bertone AL, Weisbrode SE, et al: Cell trafficking, mediator release, and articular metabolism in acute inflammation of innervated or denervated isolated equine joints, Am J Vet Res 59:88, 1998. PUBMED Abstract
  27. Bragdon B, Bertone AL, Hardy J, et al: Use of an isolated joint model to detect early changes induced by intra-articular injection of paclitaxel-impregnated polymeric microspheres, J Invest Surg 14:169, 2001. PUBMED Abstract
  28. Easton KL, Kawcak CE: Evaluation of increased subchondral bone density in areas of contact in the metacarpophalangeal joint during joint loading in horses. Am J Vet Res 68:816, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  29. Elce YA, Southwood LL, Nutt JN, et al: Ex vivo comparison of a novel tapered-sleeve and traditional full-limb transfixation pin cast for distal radial fracture stabilization in the horse, Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 19:93, 2006. PUBMED Abstract
  30. Frisbie DD, Cross MW, McIlwraith CW: A comparative study of articular cartilage thickness in the stifle of animal species used in human pre-clinical studies compared to articular cartilage thickness in the human knee, Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 19:142, 2006. PUBMED Abstract
  31. Palmer JL, Bertone AL, Malemud CJ, et al: Biochemical and biomechanical alterations in equine articular cartilage following an experimentally-induced synovitis, Osteoarthritis Cartilage 4:127, 1996. PUBMED Abstract
  32. Gustafson SB, Trotter GW, Norrdin RW, et al: Evaluation of intra-articularly administered sodium monoiodoacetate-induced chemical injury to articular cartilage of horses, Am J Vet Res 53:1193, 1992. PUBMED Abstract
  33. Trotter GW, Yovich JV, McIlwraith CW, et al: Effects of intramuscular polysulfated glycosaminoglycan on chemical and physical defects in equine articular cartilage, Can J Vet Res 53:224, 1989. PUBMED Abstract
  34. McIlwraith CW, Fessler JF, Blevins WE, et al: Experimentally induced arthritis of the equine carpus: clinical determinations, Am J Vet Res 40:11, 1979. PUBMED Abstract
  35. Cornelissen BP, Rijkenhuizen AB, van den Hoogen A, et al: Experimental model of synovitis/capsulitis in the equine metacarpophalangeal joint, Am J Vet Res 9:978, 1998. PUBMED Abstract
  36. Owens JG, Kamerling SG, Stanton SR, et al: Effects of pretreatment with ketoprofen and phenylbutazone on experimentally induced synovitis in horses, Am J Vet Res 57:866, 1996. PUBMED Abstract
  37. Hamm D, Turchi P, Johnson JC, et al: Determination of an effective dose of eltenac and its comparison with that of flunixin meglumine in horses after experimentally induced carpitis, Am J Vet Res 58:298, 1997. PUBMED Abstract
  38. Judy CE, Galuppo LD: Evaluation of iatrogenic hemarthrosis of the metacarpophalangeal joint as a method of induction of temporary reversible lameness in horses, Am J Vet Res 66:1084, 2005. PUBMED Abstract
  39. Simmons EJ, Bertone AL, Weisbrode SE: Instability-induced osteoarthritis in the metacarpophalangeal joint of horses, Am J Vet Res 60:7, 1999. PUBMED Abstract
  40. Trotter GW: Personal communications, 1996.
  41. Bertone AL, Goin S, Kamei SJ, et al: Metacarpophalangeal collateral ligament reconstruction using small intestinal submucosa in an equine model, J Biomed Mater Res A 84:219, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  42. DePuy T, Howard R, Keegan K, et al: Effects of intra-articular botulinum toxin type A in an equine model of acute synovitis: a pilot study, Am J Phys Med Rehabil 86:777, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  43. Murray RC, Janicke HC, Henson FM, et al: Equine carpal articular cartilage fibronectin distribution associated with training, joint location and cartilage deterioration, Equine Vet J 32:47, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  44. Murray RC, Whitton RC, Vedi S, et al: The effect of training on the calcified zone of equine middle carpal articular cartilage, Equine Vet J Suppl 32:274, 1999. PUBMED Abstract
  45. Murray RC, Zhu CF, Goodship AE, et al: Exercise affects the mechanical properties and histological appearance of equine articular cartilage, J Orthop Res 17:725, 1999. PUBMED Abstract
  46. Kawcak CE, McIlwraith CW, Norrdin RW, et al: Clinical effects of exercise on subchondral bone of carpal and metacarpophalangeal joints in horses, Am J Vet Res 61:1252, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  47. Bussieres G, Jacques C, Lainay O, et al: Development of a composite orthopaedic pain scale in horses, Res Vet Sci 85:294, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  48. Dykgraaf S, Firth EC, Rogers CW, et al: Effects of exercise on chondrocyte viability and subchondral bone sclerosis in the distal third metacarpal and metatarsal bones of young horses, Vet J 178:53, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  49. Firth EC, Rogers CW, van Weeren PR, et al: Changes in diaphyseal and epiphyseal bone parameters in thoroughbred horses after withdrawal from training, J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 7:74, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  50. Moffat PA, Firth EC, Rogers CW, et al: The influence of exercise during growth on ultrasonographic parameters of the superficial digital flexor tendon of young Thoroughbred horses, Equine Vet J 40: 136, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  51. Nugent GE, Law AW, Wong EG, et al: Site- and exercise-related variation in structure and function of cartilage from equine distal metacarpal condyle, Osteoarthritis Cartilage 12:826, 2004. PUBMED Abstract
  52. Rogers CW, Firth EC, McIlwraith CW, et al: Evaluation of a new strategy to modulate skeletal development in racehorses by imposing track-based exercise during growth: the effects on 2- and 3-year-old racing careers, Equine Vet J 40:119, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  53. Rogers CW, Firth EC, McIlwraith CW, et al: Evaluation of a new strategy to modulate skeletal development in Thoroughbred performance horses by imposing track-based exercise during growth, Equine Vet J 40:111, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  54. Definition and classification of lameness. Guide for veterinary service and judging of equestrian events, Lexington, Ky, 1991, American Association of Equine Practitioners.
  55. Yarbrough TB, Lee MR, Hornof WJ, et al: Evaluation of samarium-153 for synovectomy in an osteochondral fragment-induced model of synovitis in horses, Vet Surg 29:252, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  56. Foland JW, McIlwraith CW, Trotter GW, et al: Effect of betamethasone and exercise on equine carpal joints with osteochondral fragments, Vet Surg 23:369, 1994. PUBMED Abstract
  57. Kawcak CE, Frisbie DD, Trotter GW, et al: Effects of intravenous administration of sodium hyaluronate on carpal joints in exercising horses after arthroscopic surgery and osteochondral fragmentation, Am J Vet Res 58:1132, 1997. PUBMED Abstract
  58. Frisbie DD, Kawcak CE, Trotter GW, et al: Effects of triamcinolone acetonide on an in vivo equine osteochondral fragment exercise model, Equine Vet J 29:349, 1997. PUBMED Abstract
  59. Frisbie DD, Kawcak CE, Baxter GM, et al: Effects of 6alpha-ethylprednisolone acetate on an equine osteochondral fragment exercise model, Am J Vet Res 59:1619, 1998.
  60. Frisbie DD, McIlwraith CW: Evaluation of gene therapy as a treatment for equine traumatic arthritis and osteoarthritis, Clin Orthop 379(Suppl):S273, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  61. Frisbie DD, Al-Sobayil F, Billinghurst RC, et al: Changes in synovial fluid and serum biomarkers with exercise and early osteoarthritis in horses, Osteoarthritis Cartilage 16:1196, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  62. Kawcak CE, Frisbie DD, Werpy NM, et al: Effects of exercise vs experimental osteoarthritis on imaging outcomes, Osteoarthritis Cartilage 16:1519, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  63. Kawcak CE, Frisbie DD, McIlwraith CW, et al: Evaluation of avocado and soybean unsaponifiable extracts for treatment of horses with experimentally induced osteoarthritis, Am J Vet Res 68:598, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  64. Frisbie DD, Kawcak CE, Werpy NM, et al: Clinical, biochemical, and histologic effects of intra-articular administration of autologous conditioned serum in horses with experimentally induced osteoarthritis, Am J Vet Res 68:290, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  65. Frisbie DD, Ghivizzani SC, Robbins PD, et al: Treatment of experimental equine osteoarthritis by in vivo delivery of the equine interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene, Gene Ther 9:12, 2002. PUBMED Abstract
  66. Haussler KK, Hill AE, Frisbie DD, et al: Determination and use of mechanical nociceptive thresholds of the thoracic limb to assess pain associated with induced osteoarthritis of the middle carpal joint in horses, Am J Vet Res 68:1167, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  67. Richardson DW, Clark CC: Effects of short-term cast immobilization on equine articular cartilage, Am J Vet Res 54:449, 1993. PUBMED Abstract
  68. van Harreveld P, Lillich J, Kawcak C, et al: Clinical evaluation of the effects of immobilization followed by re-mobilization and exercise on the equine metacarpophalangeal joint, Am J Vet Res 63:282, 2002. PUBMED Abstract
  69. van Harreveld P, Lillich J, Kawcak C, et al: The effects of immobilization followed by remobilization on bone mineral density, bone histomorphometry, and bone formation of the equine metacarpophalangeal joint, Am J Vet Res 63:276, 2002. PUBMED Abstract
  70. Delguste C, Amory H, Doucet M, et al: Pharmacological effects of tiludronate in horses after long-term immobilization, Bone 41:414, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  71. Hurtig MB, Fretz PB, Doige CE, et al: Effects of lesion size and location on equine articular cartilage repair, Can J Vet Res 52:137, 1988. PUBMED Abstract
  72. Kold SE, Hickman J, Melsen F: An experimental study of the healing process of equine chondral and osteochondral defects, Equine Vet J 18:18, 1986. PUBMED Abstract
  73. Ray C, Baxter G, McIlwraith C, et al: Development of subchondral cystic lesions following subchondral bone trauma in horses, Vet Surg 23:414, 1994.
  74. Frisbie DD, Trotter GW, Powers BE, et al: Arthroscopic subchondral bone plate microfracture technique augments healing of large chondral defects in the radial carpal bone and medial femoral condyle of horses, Vet Surg 28:242, 1999. PUBMED Abstract
  75. Frisbie DD: Personal communication, 2001.
  76. Vachon A, McIlwraith CW, Trotter GW, et al: Neochondrogenesis in free intra-articular, periosteal, and perichondrial autografts in horses, Am J Vet Res 50:1787, 1989. PUBMED Abstract
  77. Vachon AM, McIlwraith CW, Keeley FW: Biochemical study of repair of induced osteochondral defects of the distal portion of the radial carpal bone in horses by use of periosteal autografts, Am J Vet Res 52:328, 1991. PUBMED Abstract
  78. Vachon AM, McIlwraith CW, Powers BE, et al: Morphologic and biochemical study of sternal cartilage autografts for resurfacing induced osteochondral defects in horses, Am J Vet Res 53:1038, 1992. PUBMED Abstract
  79. Howard RD, McIlwraith CW, Trotter GW, et al: Long-term fate and effects of exercise on sternal cartilage autografts used for repair of large osteochondral defects in horses, Am J Vet Res 55:1158, 1994. PUBMED Abstract
  80. Hurtig MB: Experimental use of small osteochondral grafts for resurfacing the equine third carpal bone, Equine Vet J Suppl 6:23, 1988. PUBMED Abstract
  81. Frisbie DD, Morisset S, Ho CP, et al: Effects of calcified cartilage on healing of chondral defects treated with microfracture in horses, Am J Sports Med 34:1824, 2006. PUBMED Abstract
  82. Sams AE, Minor RR, Wootton JA, et al: Local and remote matrix responses to chondrocyte-laden collagen scaffold implantation in extensive articular cartilage defects, Osteoarthritis Cartilage 3:61, 1995. PUBMED Abstract
  83. Frisbie DD, Bowman SM, Colhoun HA, et al: Evaluation of autologous chondrocyte transplantation via a collagen membrane in equine articular defects: results at 12 and 18 months, Osteoarthritis Cartilage 16:667, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  84. Edwards RB, Lu Y, Cole BJ, et al: Comparison of radiofrequency treatment and mechanical debridement of fibrillated cartilage in an equine model, Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 21:41, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  85. Edwards RB 3rd, Lu Y, Uthamanthil RK, et al: Comparison of mechanical debridement and radiofrequency energy for chondroplasty in an in vivo equine model of partial thickness cartilage injury, Osteoarthritis Cartilage 15:169, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  86. Goodrich LR, Hidaka C, Robbins PD, et al: Genetic modification of chondrocytes with insulin-like growth factor-1 enhances cartilage healing in an equine model, J Bone Joint Surg Br 89:672, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  87. Morisset S, Frisbie DD, Robbins PD, et al: IL-1ra/IGF-1 gene therapy modulates repair of microfractured chondral defects, Clin Orthop Relat Res 462:221, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  88. Wilke MM, Nydam DV, Nixon AJ: Enhanced early chondrogenesis in articular defects following arthroscopic mesenchymal stem cell implantation in an equine model, J Orthop Res 25:913, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  89. Koch TG, Betts DH: Stem cell therapy for joint problems using the horse as a clinically relevant animal model, Expert Opin Biol Ther 7:1621, 2007. PUBMED Abstract
  90. Gustafson SB, McIlwraith CW, Jones RL, et al: Further investigations into the potentiation of infection by intra-articular injection of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan and the effect of filtration and intra-articular injection of amikacin, Am J Vet Res 50:2018, 1989. PUBMED Abstract
  91. Gustafson SB, McIlwraith CW, Jones RL: Comparison of the effect of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan, corticosteroids, and sodium hyaluronate in the potentiation of a subinfective dose of Staphylococcus aureus in the midcarpal joint of horses, Am J Vet Res 50:2014, 1989. PUBMED Abstract
  92. Bertone AL, McIlwraith CW, Jones RL, et al: Comparison of various treatments for experimentally induced equine infectious arthritis, Am J Vet Res 48:519, 1987. PUBMED Abstract
  93. Bertone AL, McIlwraith CW, Jones RL, et al: Povidone-iodine lavage treatment of experimentally induced equine infectious arthritis, Am J Vet Res 48:712, 1987. PUBMED Abstract
  94. Brown NA, Kawcak CE, McIlwraith CW, et al: Architectural properties of distal forelimb muscles in horses, Equus caballus, J Morphol 258:106, 2003. PUBMED Abstract
  95. Brown NA, Pandy MG, Buford WL, et al: Moment arms about the carpal and metacarpophalangeal joints for flexor and extensor muscles in equine forelimbs, Am J Vet Res 64:351, 2003. PUBMED Abstract
  96. Brown NA, Pandy MG, Kawcak CE, et al: Force- and moment-generating capacities of muscles in the distal forelimb of the horse, J Anat 203:101, 2003. PUBMED Abstract
  97. Swanstrom MD, Zarucco L, Hubbard M, et al: Musculoskeletal modeling and dynamic simulation of the thoroughbred equine forelimb during stance phase of the gallop, J Biomech Eng 127:318, 2005. PUBMED Abstract
  98. Zarucco L, Swanstrom MD, Driessen B, et al: An in vivo equine forelimb model for short-term recording of peak isometric force in the superficial and deep digital flexor muscles, Vet Surg 32:439, 2003. PUBMED Abstract
  99. Merritt JS, Davies HM, Burvill C, et al: Influence of muscle-tendon wrapping on calculations of joint reaction forces in the equine distal forelimb, J Biomed Biotechnol 165730, 2008. PUBMED Abstract