Characteristics of carpal region pain > Unilateral forelimb lameness resulting from upper limb pain - A > Welcome > Ch59. Flexural Limb Deformities in Foals > Ch8. Manipulation

Ch8. Manipulation

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  2. Ramey DW: Prospective evaluation of forelimb flexion tests in practice: clinical response, radiographic correlation, and predictive value for future lameness, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 43:116, 1997.
  3. Verschooten F, Verbeeck J: Flexion test of the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints and flexion angle of the metacarpophalangeal joint in sound horses, Equine Vet J 29:50, 1997. PUBMED Abstract
  4. Dyson SJ: Evaluation of the musculoskeletal system. Part 4. The use of flexion tests and small diameter lunging. In Mair T, ed: British Equine Veterinary Association manual: the pre-purchase examination, Newmarket, 1998, Equine Veterinary Journal.
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  6. Keg P, van Weeren PR, Back W, et al: Variations in the force applied to flexion tests of the distal limb of horses, Vet Rec 141:435, 1997. PUBMED Abstract
  7. Nilsson G: Lameness and pathologic changes in the distal joints and the phalanges of the Standardbred horse, Acta Vet Scand (Suppl) 43:83, 1973. PUBMED Abstract
  8. Strand E, Martin GS, Crawford MP, et al: Intra-articular pressure, elastance and range of motion in flexion of the equine metacarpophalangeal joint, Am J Vet Res 56:1362, 1995. PUBMED Abstract
  9. Meijer M, Busschers E, Van Weeren P: Which joint is most important for the positive outcome of a flexion test of the distal forelimb of a sound horse? Equine Vet Educ 13:319, 2001.
  10. Dyson SJ: Personal communication, 2001.
  11. Ducharme ND: Personal communication, 1981.