Ch46. The Stifle

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  31. Foland JW, McIlwraith CW, Trotter GW: Arthroscopic surgery for osteochondritis dissecans of the femoropatellar joint of the horse, Equine Vet J 24:419, 1992. PUBMED Abstract
  32. McIntosh SC, McIlwraith CW: Natural history of femoropatellar osteochondrosis in three crops of thoroughbreds, Equine Vet J Suppl 16:54, 1993.
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  34. Dabereiner RM, Sullins KE, White NA: Progression of femoropatellar osteochondrosis in nine young horses: clinical, radiographic and arthroscopic findings, Vet Surg 22:515, 1993. PUBMED Abstract
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  36. Nixon AJ, Fortier LA, Goodrich LR, et al: Arthroscopic reattachment of osteochondritis dissecans lesions using resorbable polydioxanone pins, Equine Vet J 36:376, 2004. PUBMED Abstract
  37. Nixon AJ: Advances in promoting cartilage healing. Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth Annual Scientific Meeting of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons, San Francisco, Calif, 1999.
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  42. Tnibar MA: Medial patellar ligament splitting for the treatment of upward fixation of the patella in 7 equids, Vet Surg 31:462, 2002. PUBMED Abstract
  43. McIlwraith CW: Osteochondral fragmentation of the distal aspect of the patella in horses, Equine Vet J 22:157, 1990. PUBMED Abstract
  44. Riley CB, Yovich JV: Fracture of the apex of the patella after medial patellar desmotomy in a horse, Aust Vet J 68:37, 1991. PUBMED Abstract
  45. Walmsley JP: Medial patellar desmotomy for upward fixation of the patella, Equine Vet Educ 6:148, 1994.
  46. Gibson KE, McIlwraith CW, Park RD, et al: Production of patellar lesions by medial patellar desmotomy in horses, Vet Surg 18:466, 1989. PUBMED Abstract
  47. Labens M, Busoni V, Peters F, et al: Ultrasonographic and radiographic diagnosis of patellar fragmentation secondary to bilateral medial patellar desmotomy, Equine Vet Educ 17:201, 2005.
  48. McIlwraith CW: Patellar fragmentation secondary to bilateral medial patellar desmotomy, Equine Vet Educ 17:205, 2005.
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  54. Kobluk CN: Correction of patellar luxation by recession sulcoplasty in three foals, Vet Surg 22:298, 1993. PUBMED Abstract
  55. McIlwraith CW, Warren RC: Distal luxation of the patella in a horse, J Am Vet Med Assoc 181:67, 1982. PUBMED Abstract
  56. Howard RD, McIlwraith CW, Trotter GW: Arthroscopic surgery for subchondral cystic lesions of the medial femoral condyle in horses: 41 cases (1988-1991), J Am Vet Med Assoc 206:842, 1995. PUBMED Abstract
  57. Hance SR, Schneider RK, Embertson RM, et al: Lesions of the caudal aspect of the femoral condyles in foals: 20 cases (1980-1990), J Am Vet Med Assoc 202:637, 1993. PUBMED Abstract
  58. Textor JA, Nixon AJ, Lumsden J, et al: Subchondral cystic lesions of the proximal extremity of the tibia in horses: 12 cases (1983-2000), J Am Vet Med Assoc 218:408, 2001. PUBMED Abstract
  59. Bramlage LR: Osteochondrosis related bone cysts, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 39:83, 1993.
  60. Von Rechenberg B, McIlwraith CW, Luetenegger C, et al: Fibrous tissue of subchondral bone cyst lesions (SCL) in horses produce inflammatory mediators and neutral metalloproteinases and caused bone resorption in vitro, Vet Surg 27:520, 1998.
  61. Scott G, Crawford W, Colahan P: Arthroscopic findings in horses with subtle radiographic evidence of osteochondral lesions of the medial femoral condyle: 15 cases, J Am Vet Med Assoc 224:1821, 2004. PUBMED Abstract
  62. Stewart B, Reid CF: Osseous cyst-like lesions of the medial femoral condyle in the horse, J Am Vet Med Assoc 180:254, 1982. PUBMED Abstract
  63. Rose JA, Sande RL, Rose EM: Results of conservative management of osteochondrosis in the horse, Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 31:617, 1986.
  64. Greet T: The management of subchondral cysts associated with the medial femoral condyle by arthroscopic surgery in horses. Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Scientific Meeting of the European College of Veterinary Surgeons, Pörtschach, Austria, 1998.
  65. Jackson WA, Stick JA, Arnoczky SP, et al: The effect of compacted cancellous bone grafting on the healing of subchondral bone defects of the medial femoral condyle in horses, Vet Surg 29:8, 2000. PUBMED Abstract
  66. Smith MA, Walmsley JP, Phillips TJ, et al: Effect of age at presentation on outcome following arthroscopic debridement of subchondral cystic lesions of the medial femoral condyle: 85 horses (1993-2003), Equine Vet J 37:175, 2005. PUBMED Abstract
  67. Wallis TW, Goodrich LR, McIlwraith CW, et al: Arthroscopic injection of corticosteroids into the fibrous tissue of subchondral cystic lesions of the medial femoral condyle in horses: a retrospective study of 52 cases (2001-2006), Equine Vet J 40:461, 2008. PUBMED Abstract
  68. Walmsley JP: Vertical tears of the cranial horn of the meniscus and its cranial ligament in the equine femorotibial joint: 7 cases and their treatment by arthroscopic surgery, Equine Vet J 27:20, 1995. PUBMED Abstract
  69. Bertone AL, Holcombe SL: Soft tissue injuries of the equine stifle, Vet Surg 21:383, 1992.
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  72. Walmsley JP, Phillips TJ: Unpublished data, 2001.
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  74. De Busscher V, Verwilghen D, Bolen G, et al: Meniscal damage diagnosed by ultrasonography in horses: a retrospective study of 74 femorotibial joint ultrasonographic examinations, J Equine Vet Science 26:453, 2006.
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  76. Rich RF, Glisson RR: In vitro mechanical properties and failure mode of the equine (pony) cranial cruciate ligament, Vet Surg 23:257, 1994. PUBMED Abstract
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  78. Baker GJ, Moustafa MAI, Boero MJ: Caudal cruciate ligament function and injury in the horse, Vet Rec 121:319, 1987. PUBMED Abstract
  79. Sanders-Shamis M, Bukowiecki CF, Biller DS: Cruciate and collateral ligament failure in the equine stifle: seven cases (1975-1985), J Am Vet Med Assoc 193:573, 1988. PUBMED Abstract
  80. Muurlink T, Walmsley J, Young D: A cranial intercondylar arthroscopic approach to the caudal medial femorotibial joint of the horse, Equine Vet J 41:5, 2009. PUBMED Abstract
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  82. Edwards RB, Nixon AJ: Avulsion of the cranial cruciate ligament insertion in a horse, Equine Vet J 28:334, 1996. PUBMED Abstract
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  84. Schneider RK, Jenson P, Moore RM: Evaluation of cartilage lesions on the medial femoral condyle as a cause of lameness in horses: 11 cases 1988-1994, J Am Vet Med Assoc 210:1649, 1997. PUBMED Abstract
  85. Winberg FG: Occult cartilage lesions in the stifle of young Warmblood horses: preliminary results. Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Scientific Meeting of the European College of Veterinary Surgeons, Brugge, Belgium, 1999.
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